One-month Clinical and Paraclinical Evaluation of Patients with Renal Colic

Background and purpose: Renal colic is one of the most common causes of referral to emergency departments. The aim of this study was to determine the outcome and predictive factors for invasive management and readmission in these patients. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional cohort study was performed in all patients with renal colic who were admitted in Emergency Department in Sari Imam Khomeini Hospital, 2016-2017. Diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, the patients’ clinical and paraclinical information, and disease outcome after a month (the need for invasive urologic intervention, recurrence, and readmission) were recorded. Data analysis was done in SPSS V18. Results:  There were 581 patients in this study (mean age: 39.88 ±14.49 years). The most common symptoms were flank pain (88.1%) and sudden onset pain (69.2%). Invasive treatment was carried out for 140 (24.1%) patients. Nausea (P = 0.002) and vomiting (P = 0.001) were found to be significantly higher in patients requiring invasive procedure. Abnormal ultrasound findings in patients requiring invasive procedure were significantly higher (P = 0.00). Renal colic recurrence was significantly higher in patients of older age (P = 0.002), those with abdominal pain (P = 0.004), genital area pain (P = 0.041), fever and chill (P = 0.037), history of underlying diseases (P = 0.033) and higher white blood cell counts (P = 0.00). Conclusion: Factors such as age, underlying diseases, fever and chills, nausea, vomiting, white blood cell count, and ultrasound findings in these patients should be considered in order to choose the best treatment option.